Understanding Cervical Dysplasia and HPV
Clear guidance on abnormal Pap results, follow-up testing, and treatment options.
Cervical dysplasia refers to precancerous cell changes often caused by certain types of HPV. Most changes are low grade and clear on their own, but some need closer follow-up or treatment. We’ll translate your Pap and HPV results into a simple plan.
Fast Facts
HPV is very common and usually clears naturally
Abnormal Pap does not mean cancer
Follow-up is based on your individual risk
Vaccination helps prevent high-risk HPV types
Common Terms You May See
- ASC-US or LSIL: mild, low-grade changes
- HSIL: higher-grade changes that need prompt evaluation
- HPV high-risk positive: virus types linked to dysplasia
- Colposcopy: a closer look at the cervix with gentle magnification
Why It Matters
Most cervical changes do not progress to cancer, but consistent screening and timely follow-up prevent problems. Understanding your results reduces anxiety and ensures the right next step.
Diagnosis & Evaluation
Your plan depends on age, Pap result, and HPV status. Many mild results are rechecked in 1 year. Colposcopy may be recommended for persistent abnormalities, high-risk HPV types, or higher-grade findings. Biopsy during colposcopy samples tiny areas to guide care.
Low-Grade vs. High-Grade Changes
Low-Grade (ASC-US, LSIL)
- Often clear without treatment
- Usually managed with repeat testing
- Colposcopy if changes persist or risk is higher
- HPV vaccination still beneficial if eligible
High-Grade (HSIL, CIN 2/3)
- Lower chance of clearing on its own
- Colposcopy and biopsy recommended
- Treatment may include excision (LEEP) if confirmed
- Close follow-up after treatment
Treatment Options
Care ranges from observation with repeat Pap/HPV testing to office procedures. For confirmed high-grade changes, treatments like LEEP remove abnormal cells while preserving the cervix. We review benefits, recovery, and future pregnancy considerations.
What to Bring to Your Appointment
- ✓Most recent Pap and HPV report
- ✓Prior colposcopy or biopsy results
- ✓Medication list and pregnancy status
- ✓Questions about timing, discomfort, and follow-up intervals
Frequently Asked Questions
1Does an abnormal Pap mean I have cancer?
No. Most abnormal results reflect temporary HPV-related changes. Screening and follow-up are designed to prevent cancer by catching changes early.
2Will a colposcopy hurt?
Colposcopy feels similar to a Pap. You may feel brief cramping with biopsy. Most people return to normal activities the same day.
3Can I still get the HPV vaccine?
Vaccination is recommended for many patients up to age 45 and can help protect against future infections, even if you have already been exposed.
4How often will I need follow-up?
It depends on your result, HPV status, and prior history. Many low-grade findings repeat testing in 1 year; high-grade changes require closer follow-up.
Get a Clear Plan for Your Results
We’ll review your Pap and HPV results together and map out the next step—whether that’s repeat testing, colposcopy, or treatment.
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